Don't worry folks, this one is not "Yet Another Nooby Question" but a contribution in its own right. At least it's an attempt to share some of my GCII experience so far.
I messed around with colony ships lately and found out that it is possible to get a planetary decision each time. The recipe is as follows:
* You must have more than one ship in space.
* Play until one planet is within reach of your colony ship.
* Don't move any ships, you can manage your planets if you want, then quicksave.
* Now colonize. If you don't get a planetary decision(PD from now on), reload.
* Most of the time, you won't get another PD. Reload and try something else before colonizing: moving a different ship first, or assigning an autopilot route to it will count, too.
* Try colonizing again. If you're lucky, you'll get a PD now. If not, reload and try something different. I was able to get about two PDs in three attempts. The fun part is that both the type of event and the bonus/penalty figures are somewhat random. You can get a +42% planet quality boost from a "Precursor Artifact" event. Other goodies I managed to get (event keywords provided in parentheses):
* +40% production (PreIndustrial Aliens)
* +7% influence (Alien Mechanism)
* +14% population (Ancient Ruins)
* +19% morale (Oceanic Creatures) (is that 100% instead of 81% approval or do entertainment networks provide +5.95% morale instead of +5%???)
* +60%(!!) research (Sentient Pods)
* +55% "ship bonus" (High Tech Ship) although I'm not sure what that one does. It didn't add to HP nor to ship building, not even on the planet I colonized (yes, I bought a shipyard and a fighter).
Other goody events are "Worm Beings" for PQ and "Precursor Workshop" for production. Trying to imagine one of these (esp. +60% research) on a planet with an according "+300%" square makes me all Pavlovian. 
For most of these, you'll have to pick the "Evil" option. But if you want to be good, or have to (on those "befriend a do-gooder" missions), try to pick an evil choice where it counts, and pick the good ones elsewhere.
I hope that's of some use for the fledgling GCII players out there.
~Beast