I wonder if this is the actual cause of the missing turn button.
Also, several people have the same problem with the same weapons. I wonder if the corruption is at Stardock's end?
It may be
a cause but it is not the only cause. I have seen pathfinding problems cause the missing turn button/unresponsive game with my own eyes. In the last instance, which I reported by sending in the saved game files, a Drengin Scout ship attempted to enter the smae game square as one of my planets. The turn would not process past that conflict and thus the turn button did not return. On reload of the saved game, the turn button was back but would not function. Further, the screen became focused on the offending Drengin ship and would not allow me to change that focus. In an experiment, which I've done before, I bought the scout ship from the Drengin, countermanded it's orders and like magic the game unfroze and the turn processed. It is also documented that internal game rule conflicts can also cause the game to become unresponsive and the turn button to go missing. For example, in one game I played there was that UP nonagression rule that forces everyone to wait one turn until they attack the opposing side after a declaration of war. A war broke out between me and the Torians. The Torians tried to attack me the same turn they declared war, which conflicted with the UP Rule. As a result, the turn would not process, the turn button would not reappear and the eventually the game became unresponsive except for save/exit functions. The problem was confirmed in a series of emails with the Devs after I sent the saved game and that particular facet of the missing turn button/unresponsive game bug was purportedly solved.
All of that being said, the "missing" weapons animations are annoying and I hope they are fixed soon. I've experienced "missing" animations with doom rays, torpedo weapons being used by the Peacekeepers which I imagine are nightmare torpedos or their equivalent, the scatterblaster series of weapons that the Yor use, and disruptors. There may be others but I do not recall them. The strange thing is that in the game with the Peacekeepers I alluded to, I was using nightmare torpedos as well but could see my weapons fire just fine. The Peacekeepers' weapons fire was invisible, but was a powerful torpedo weapon of some type.