However the other factor you're neglecting is income.... On a larger galaxy I would recommend that you keep your home planets pop to at least 5B. |
Think of it this way: assume 2.5 billion are left on your Homeworld no matter what. Now consider two alternatives, all else being equal, for what is done with the other 2.5 billion people.
If left on the Homeworld, the additional 2.5 billion people essentially do not reproduce. Secondly, income is proportional to the square root of the population on a given planet, so they generate an additional square root of two, or 42% over what the first 2.5 billion generate.
Now assume, all else being equal, that those second 2.5 billion people are instead distributed across 5 different planets, with 500 million on each. The total income they generate is five times the square root of 1/5, or 2.23 times the income generated from one world with 2.5 billion people on it.
This makes the income from those additional 2.5 billion people more than FIVE TIMES greater when distributed than it would be if they had remained on the Homeworld. In addition, those 2.5 billion distributed people are all reproducing -- which they would not be doing if they were stuck back on a world that already had 2.5 billion people on it.
Of course in the early game planetary upkeep can be a problem, but that's a separate issue. What I try to do early on is Focus some of my new colonies on Research. That way they don't build up too quickly so they won't go in the hole too much, and they reach the break even point early. This gives me enough Research for my early techs, and it allows me to plant as many flags as possible during the initial colony rush -- which is what it's all about at that stage. After my population and economy are built up, then I go back and "turn on" more planets to Social production.