1, 2, and 3) We'll be using mouse-over text to explain some of these things. Like now, you can roll-over your morale values in the planet screen to see why your citizens feel the way they do. Or, on the foreign relations report, you get a run-down of why they like or dislike you. More will be added over time.
4.) These have some tweaking to be done.
4.4) Anomalies will randomly regenerate in the final game...this just hasn't been put in yet.
5) You'll end up getting different robots based on your race and your alignment, so that screen still have some dynamics left to implement...but technically it's about the same as the GC1 'Research Complete' screen.
6) When the turn button re-appears that's the games way of saying "Hi, the AI is done and you're free to play your next turn." without being too obnoxious. If you guys have better ideas though, please let us know...we'll never turn down a good idea 
7) These wont change (for AI reasons) but I am trying to determine a way for ships to be able to expore anomalies they pass on the way back to friendly space.
8) We're looking into scrollbars at the moment, but remeber that there's a list of techs you can currently research in the upper left corner if you want to quickly select a tech.
10) Hmmm...I've actually seen a 7 year old build a ship that was reasonably impressive (it was symmetrical, with wings on either side, and engines in the right places), so I tend think that the system can't be TOO hard, but if it is then that's why we'll be pre-designing alot of ships for the player.
11) Mouse-Over the morale value at the top of the screen to get the run-down on how this is calculated.
11.5 - 11.7) The race configs are still being tweaked, and still need to have their political parties set, but should all be fairly even when you start.
12 - 13) Try playing without WinAmp and see if this fixes that sound problem. Otherwise look in your "Sounds and Audio Devices" manager in the windows "Control Panel" and make sure your sound it turned up to a reasonable level.
Thanks for the feedback!