Fanatically. I find that the ai's, so called, rarely use it at all, and never effectively (yet?). So with relatively modest effort on defense research, and a moderate effort on miniaturization, I can field a single frigate (my terminology) based on a small hull up against an opponent fleet with three "heavy fighters" (again, small hull) and destroy them all, every time, with no damage in the majority of the encounters. My ship is 0/0/4 - 10/18/0; the opponents are usually 0/3/0 - 0/0/0. A more intelligent opponent might offer a fleet with a battleship, so called, and two frigates (his terminology, now), with scores more like 6/0/0 - 0/4/0. I still win, but always with damage. That's a single small hulled ship against an opponent's fleet with two medium and one large ship. That's an intelligent+ opponent--I forget the nomenclature, but the next up from intelligent. I am always fighting against opponents with much larger fleets and empires (in the beginning...), and this is the only way that I have found so far of holding my own.
I do not claim fully to understand this yet--I am new to the game--but I don't know how to survive against always stronger opponents without defense. It is my top priority for the first three or four (?) years of the game, until I'm strong enough defensively that I'm confident of not getting creamed by one of the big uglies.
The downside--if I start off close to one of the aggressive big uglies, I'm usually worm meat. Always, so far. Maybe I'll figure out a strategy to deal with that situation someday, but not yet.