With the recent Civ V announcement, a few threads have been comparing GC2/EWOM to the Civ series. Let me first say that I've pre-ordered E:WOM and will get Civ V so I don't see this as an either/or. But here's my observation:
In Civ, people are not abstracted. If I have a city with nine people, I can have 6 workers, 2 scientists, and a merchant. Or whatever. I actually have nine people that I can order around.
In Civ, places are abstracted. London may have a library and market and monument and The Oracle, but they don't take up space on the map. Those things don't have physical locations, beyond being "somewhere in London". Sure mines and farms exist in space, but the things that really give your civilization character don't.
In GalCiv, people are abstracted. Each planet has a population, but it's just a number. I can't assign people to do anything.
In GalCiv, places are not abstracted. Planetary improvements occupy specific tiles. When I'm out of tiles, I'm done building new improvements.
E:WOM, based on the last beta I played, will be in the GalCiv camp. Cities have people, but population is just a number. The people aren't resources for the player to manage. But places are real. Temples and houses and blacksmiths and whatever else you build will have a specific location on the map. What Civ V will do I can't be sure, but probably it will follow in the footsteps of the rest of the series.
Obviously there are other differences. But I highlight these two because I've always wanted to play an empire-builder with the same degree of polish and quality that Civ/GalCiv have that had both people and places instead of abstracting one or the other out. I guess maybe that would be too much to deal with in one game, but I'd like to try.
P.S. I've never played Dominions 3; can someone who has talk about how it handles these two questions?