The only thing I still have problems with are the 3 sliders which determine how many percent of the population you put to military/social/research. I don't understand why this is a global setting, after which you have a cumbersome setting per planet to fine-tune things (in a very limited way). I think this is not at all transparant and seriously deminishes my feel for what is going on with the resources.
It seems that you are not specializing your planets.
I'm not sure what your question is specifically. But here's a run down. (Examples of course)
You have 100 billion people
AND spending is set to 100 Percent
at 40/20/40 Social/Military/Research
then, you have 40 billion people working in your empire's assorted social programs, 20 billion in assorted Military building programs, and 40 billion people working your research labs.
IF you set spending to 50 percent, then you have 20 billion is social programs, 10 billion in military programs and 20 billion working your labs.
The method is global because your fine tuning per planet is done by what you build on those planets. For instance, you should be specializing your planets and a research-specialized-planet will satisfy your fine-tuning wishes. Further, you can emphasize production per planet, which is more helpful than one would assume. Finally, if a planet is production-specced and it has nothing to build in the social queu, then that allotted spending is spilled into the military building on a planet-by-planet basis. If nothing is being built there either, then the money is sent back into your coffers.
P.S. That pic you posted with the mining bases about to flip is totally out of whack. Those should not be flipping if they are not in any sphere-of-influence, period. In the future though, you may want to make sure that 2 races are not the same color, as this causes some difficulty managing large empires.