To early to be conclusive, but here is my view of the AI personalities.
The Drengin are bullies. If they are stronger than you they will pound you. If you are stronger than them, they will respect you and leave you alone (to go pound someone else...like every minor race within spitting distance). They are IMO the easiest AI to get along with
The Yor have been for me fairly passive. This is inconclusive because in all three of my "real" games they've had poor starting positions. But so far, they have not gone out of their way to expand past their initial area of land claim. I can't remember them starting a war with anyone, and they are always the race that I achieve Warm relations with the easiest.
The Torians are cowards. I've never seen them stand up to anyone and the espionage reports I get indicate they regularly pay tribute to anyone who sneezes at them. Often they wind up buddying up with the Altarians (except see below)but seem to be little more than the Altarian's side kick.
The Arceans are aggressively expansionistic. They go after everything they can get their hands on and in every circumstance where they wind up adjacent to me I've had to resort to military action to back them down. They are the only race I've experienced who've declared war on me while they had supposedly "Warm" relations. They also seem willing to go to war regardless of Trade. They willingly gave up 30+% of their income (trade with me) to declare war on me over a minor planet in a sector they apparently wanted. They are a pain in the ass if you run into them early. However, they are also very manipulatable and easy to improve relations with after a conflict. Once after smacking them around, they went directly back to neutral (rather than wary or cool) after peace, and I was able to bribe them to go attack someone else far more easily than any other race save the Drengin.
Altarians, the other hyper expansionistic bastards in the galaxy. They have all the worst flaws of fanatical crusaders and are just all around dicks. They will happily crush the Torians (good vs good...how good is that) if they are in their expansionist way. They also seem to prioritize tech more than the other races (in line I guess with their background fluff), which means (like the Psilons in Moo2) are more difficult to defeat. So far, the one flaw of theirs I've consistantly exploited is that they are overly aggressive in their expansion and spread themselves too thin. Much more than the other races they seem to underdefend their key worlds and send everything to the front. If you get them involved in a war against someone else...they're back door is usually left wide open...which is how I turned the corner in my latest game where they were poised to issue me a serious ass whooping.
Like I said, not enough games to be truly conclusive, and I have no idea if the above accurately reflects their coding, but that's the sense I've gotten from them thus far.