Not without expending either enough ships to form a blockade or another colony ship to get the planet first. Some people use the way your colonizing as a strategy. Colonize to gain overall planet quality dominance with in each system. Then, you just let the AI come in grab the leftovers and watch them start flipping to you.   

You need a 4:1 influence ratio (I think) over the planet before it can revolt. I forget exactly what it's called, but if you look at the planet's properties, there will be a number which normally is very small or 0 if there are no other influences around. When that number reaches 4, then every turn it randomly flips.

I've had planets flip immediately after achieving the proper influence and I've had them never flip ("never" meaning I eventually invaded them because I didn't want them pumping out war ships and it was time to take their empire by force).

Anyway, that influence ratio is determined by how much population and influence structures you have on your larger PQ planet compared to theirs, and how much more influence your empire as a whole has compared to theirs.

One thing I always do on my "edge" planets is put embassies and such to keep my influence up. I do the same when attempting to flip smaller planets near me. Once I flip them, and there are no other influences nearby, I replace those buildings with something more useful -- such as economic buildings.

Or you can buy or te=rade the offending colony ship from the trade screen. Of course, it's more productive to let them colonize, then flip, but if you REALLY don't want themm to get that planet for some reason, then buy the ship and decomission it.