I don't think so, not from the planet UI anyways. when you have one or more ships built on the same turn, just click the small green button on the bottom under the lowest popup square to launch all ships.
As for launching them manually, I think you can only click them one at a time.
Also right clicking on the blue square that comes up for the ships will automatically launch them.
Regarding the "small green button on the lowest popup square," is that on the announcement pop-up? Could you explain more? I'd love to use that option.